ADHD Therapy Baltimore

Introduction to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition officially recognized as one of several mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the authoritative classification system published by the American Psychiatric Association. ADHD affects millions of people across all ages, with adults with ADHD representing a significant group impacted by the disorder—and if you’re reading this, there’s a good chance it’s impacting your life or someone you care about. Picture this: persistent difficulties with attention, organization, and impulse control—the main symptoms of ADHD, specifically inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity as outlined in the statistical manual's diagnostic criteria—that feel like your brain is running on a different operating system than everyone else’s, paired with challenges in executive functioning that make everyday tasks feel exponentially harder (even when you know exactly what needs to be done). These ADHD symptoms can create real daily struggles, causing significant frustration and interfering with work, relationships, school performance, and personal goals in ways that make it tough to show up as the person you know you can be—basically, living beneath your potential. Here’s the thing though: treating ADHD often requires a comprehensive treatment plan that may include therapy, skills training, medication, and lifestyle adjustments (think of it as building your personal toolkit for working with your brain rather than against it). Organizations like CHADD (Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) offer valuable resources and support for those living with ADHD, helping individuals and families better understand what’s happening in their minds and find effective treatment that actually works. The primary goal of treatment is to minimize the impact of ADHD symptoms on patient function. With the right approach—and yes, it takes some experimenting to find what clicks for you—it is possible to manage symptoms, harness your unique strengths, and build a life that feels more manageable and fulfilling, even when ADHD tries to steer the ship.

Baltimore Therapy Group Accepting New Patients

Understanding ADHD Symptoms

ADHD symptoms—the attention difficulties, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can hijack daily life—look different from person to person, but they generally involve a combination that feels like a constant uphill battle against your own brain. Picture this: common inattentive symptoms might include difficulty sustaining focus, frequent forgetfulness, losing things regularly, and struggling to follow through on tasks (the kind of experiences that feel personal and frustrating, not just “not trying hard enough”). Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms often show up as restlessness, difficulty sitting still, interrupting others, making decisions impulsively—behaviors that promise relief through action but deliver more chaos. In addition to these core symptoms, other symptoms such as sleep disturbances, emotional dysregulation, and mood swings may also be present, further complicating daily functioning. These symptoms can feel persistent and overwhelming, often steering the ship toward significant challenges at work, school, and in relationships (imagine trying to focus on a conversation when your brain is simultaneously processing seventeen other thoughts). Many people with ADHD also experience anxiety disorders, depression, learning disabilities, or substance use disorders—a double-edged challenge that can make symptoms worse and complicate the treatment process. Here’s the key: an accurate diagnosis from a mental health professional is essential to distinguish ADHD from other conditions with similar symptoms and to develop an effective treatment plan tailored to the individual’s needs *(because cookie-cutter approaches rarely work when it comes to how ADHD shows up in real life)*.

ADHD Diagnosis and Treatment

Getting an accurate diagnosis of ADHD starts with a thorough evaluation by a mental health professional who will assess your symptoms, developmental history, and how ADHD impacts your daily functioning—think of it as mapping the landscape of your unique brain to understand what’s really going on beneath the surface.

Once diagnosed, the most effective treatments for ADHD typically include a combination of therapy, skills training, and sometimes pharmacological treatments. Pharmacological treatments refer to the use of FDA-approved medications for ADHD, which are supported by research studies, systematic review, and literature review as effective interventions. Stimulants are the most common type of prescription medication used to treat ADHD, with methylphenidate and amphetamine being the two most commonly used stimulant medications. Atomoxetine is the only non-stimulant approved by the FDA for the treatment of ADHD in adults. The FDA has approved several different kinds of medications to treat ADHD in children as young as 6. When considering medication, healthcare providers may try different medications and adjust doses to find the most effective option for each individual, as certain medications work by altering neurotransmitter levels in the brain. ADHD medications can have side effects such as decreased appetite and sleep problems. For children ages 6 years and older, combining medication treatment with behavior therapy is recommended.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) adapted for ADHD is highly effective—and for good reason—helping you develop practical strategies for organization, time management, emotional regulation, and working with (not against) how your brain naturally operates. Medications such as stimulants (like Adderall or Ritalin) and non-stimulants (like Strattera) are often prescribed to help improve focus and reduce impulsivity, giving your brain the neurochemical support it needs to function more smoothly. ADHD coaching can also be incredibly valuable—providing accountability, strategy development, and support for building sustainable systems in daily life.

Your treatment plan should be personalized to your unique situation, ensuring the best possible outcomes for managing ADHD symptoms and achieving symptom reduction. Treatment helps improve your daily functioning and overall quality of life—because you deserve to feel capable and successful, not constantly fighting against invisible barriers.

What is ADHD Therapy?

ADHD therapy or ADHD treatment is a specialized form of support designed to help individuals, including young adults, develop strategies for managing attention difficulties, impulsivity, and executive functioning challenges. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning and development.

Effective therapies for ADHD include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), behavioral therapy, skills training, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), medication, family/parent training, and support groups. Cognitive and behavioral practice, such as rehearsing and implementing new skills, is a key component of evidence-based ADHD therapy. Behavioral practice helps individuals modify behavior, overcome fears, and reinforce positive habits. Psychoeducation is also an effective non-pharmacological approach for adults with ADHD, providing valuable information and strategies for managing symptoms.

CBT is particularly effective in helping adults with ADHD manage their symptoms and boost self-esteem. ACT teaches mindfulness and acceptance, helping individuals build a life aligned with their values despite ADHD struggles. An ADHD specialist will work closely with you to create a safe and supportive therapeutic relationship, which is essential for effective treatment and building confidence. By addressing ADHD with evidence-based approaches in a compassionate environment, therapy aims to help you work with your unique brain wiring rather than against it, creating systems and strategies that actually stick.

Benefits of ADHD Therapy for Mental Health

Engaging in ADHD therapy can offer numerous benefits for your mental health and daily functioning. Some of the key advantages include:

• Improved focus and attention: Develop strategies to sustain attention on tasks that matter.

• Better organization and time management: Build systems that work with your brain rather than against it.

• Decrease impulsivity: Learn skills, such as those taught in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), to decrease impulsivity and make more intentional choices.

• Enhanced emotional regulation: Better manage frustration, overwhelm, and mood swings common with ADHD. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) can also improve emotional regulation and attention in adults with ADHD, helping you stay present and manage symptoms more effectively.

• Increased productivity: Accomplish more by working smarter, not just harder.

• Improved relationships: Strengthen communication and reduce ADHD-related conflict.

• Reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression: Address co-occurring emotional difficulties often present with ADHD.

• Greater self-understanding and self-compassion: Shift from self-criticism to understanding how your brain works.

• Improved self-esteem: Build confidence by developing skills and experiencing success.

We Provide Evidence-Based ADHD Treatment

At Baltimore Therapy Group, our therapists use evidence-based approaches adapted specifically for ADHD, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for ADHD, skills training focused on executive functioning, and interventions tailored to the unique neuropsychological functioning of the adult ADHD brain. Understanding the adult ADHD brain is essential for selecting effective therapies such as CBT, mindfulness, neurofeedback, and other neuropsychotherapeutic approaches. Our therapists draw on research studies and systematic reviews—such as those published in reputable journals like BMC Psychiatry—to ensure our methods are grounded in the latest scientific evidence. Neurofeedback is a promising treatment option for ADHD that may be as effective as stimulant medications. We also have relationships with practitioners offering executive function coaching to help set up external systems for managing daily responsibilities. Our therapists understand that ADHD isn’t about being lazy or not trying hard enough—it’s a neurodevelopmental condition that requires specific strategies and support. We emphasize collaboration, compassion, and practical skill-building in the therapeutic relationship.

ADHD can manifest differently across the lifespan, from childhood through adulthood, and can include predominantly inattentive presentation, hyperactive-impulsive presentation, or combined presentation. Therapy helps address these core symptoms while also working on co-occurring issues such as anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, and low self-esteem that often accompany ADHD. We know—and research supports us in this—that with proper treatment and the right strategies, people with ADHD can thrive and harness their unique strengths. We’d like to help you discover what works for your brain.

What to Expect in Therapy:

• A safe and supportive environment where you can explore your ADHD challenges without judgment or shame.

• Evidence-based strategies and skills training to help you manage attention, organization, and emotional regulation.

• Therapy addresses not just ADHD symptoms but also emotional difficulties such as anxiety, depression, and relationship issues.

• Practical, hands-on approach where you learn strategies and systems that you can implement immediately.

ADHD Medications

ADHD medications can play a role in helping both children and adults manage the core symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)—and if you're navigating this journey, you probably already know how life-changing the right treatment can be. For many, these medications can be a cornerstone of effective ADHD treatment, making it possible to focus, control impulses, and navigate daily life with greater ease—think of them as tuning the brain's radio to finally pick up clear signals. The most commonly prescribed ADHD medications are stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamine-based options (Adderall, Vyvanse). These stimulants work by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain—neurotransmitters that are often out of balance in individuals with deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD. By boosting these chemicals, stimulant medications can significantly reduce ADHD symptoms like distractibility, impulsive behavior, and difficulty staying on task—essentially giving your brain the chemical tools it needs to stay in the driver's seat.

For some individuals, especially those with certain medical conditions or a history of substance abuse, stimulant medications may not be the best fit—and that's completely okay. In these cases, non stimulant medications such as atomoxetine (Strattera) or certain antidepressants can be effective alternatives to treat ADHD. These non stimulant options also target neurotransmitter systems but do so in a way that may be better tolerated by some people—picture a different pathway to the same destination. It's important to remember that finding the right medication—and the right dose—often requires close collaboration with a healthcare provider who understands ADHD. With the right medication plan, many people experience a significant improvement in their ability to manage ADHD symptoms and lead more productive, fulfilling lives—because when your brain chemistry is working with you instead of against you, everything else becomes possible.

Behavior Therapy for Children Younger than 6

When it comes to treating ADHD in children younger than 6 years old, behavior therapy is the gold standard and the recommended first step. Picture this: unlike medication, which is often reserved for older children and adults, behavior therapy focuses on teaching young children with ADHD essential skills for managing their emotions, impulses, and daily routines. This treatment approach is all about building positive behaviors and reducing problem behaviorsthrough structured support and consistent routines—think of it as creating a steady foundation where little ones can learn to navigate their big feelings and busy minds.

A key component of behavior therapy for this age group is parent training—and here's where the magic really happens. Parents learn practical strategies for guiding their child's behavior, setting clear expectations, and using positive reinforcement to encourage desired actions. By equipping parents with these tools, behavior therapy not only helps children with ADHD develop better problem-solving and communication skills, but also creates a supportive home environment that fosters growth and resilience. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that healthcare providers prioritize behavior therapy for children younger than 6 with ADHD, as research shows it can lead to meaningful reductions in ADHD symptoms and set the stage for long-term success—building a bridge between where these children are now and where they can flourish.

What to Expect in ADHD Therapy

When you begin ADHD therapy, you can expect to work with a therapist who understands the unique challenges of living with ADHD. Your therapist will create a safe and supportive environment for you to explore how ADHD impacts your life and develop personalized strategies that work for you. During therapy, you will use evidence-based techniques including cognitive and behavioral practice such as CBT adapted for ADHD, skills training, and behavioral strategies to help you manage your symptoms and build a more functional, fulfilling life. Therapy may also include metacognitive therapy, which focuses on modifying your thinking styles and increasing awareness of your thought processes, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), which combines CBT and mindfulness meditation to help you better understand your symptoms and improve executive functioning. Mindfulness meditation, as a component of MBCT, can support brain function and symptom management. Neurofeedback may also be used to train your brain to improve focus through auditory or visual feedback. During therapy, you will:

• Develop a trusting relationship with your therapist: This foundation is crucial for honest exploration of challenges and setbacks.

• Learn about how ADHD affects your brain: Understanding your neurological wiring helps reduce self-blame and build self-compassion.

• Identify your specific ADHD patterns: Work with your therapist to understand when and how ADHD symptoms show up in your life.

• Build practical organizational systems: Develop strategies for time management, task initiation, and follow-through that work with your brain.

• Practice emotional regulation skills: Learn techniques for managing frustration, overwhelm, and impulsivity.

• Address co-occurring challenges: Work on anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or self-esteem concerns that often accompany ADHD.

• Gain self-understanding and acceptance: Shift from shame to self-compassion while building genuine capability.

  Meet the Baltimore Therapy Group’s
  OCD Therapy Experts

Elise Swanekamp, LGPC
ADHD Specialist
Licensed counselor in Baltimore

Elise works with individuals and couples experiencing ADHD, anxiety, depression, and relationship concerns. She understands how ADHD can affect every area of life—making work projects feel overwhelming, causing chronic lateness despite best intentions, and creating friction in relationships when symptoms are misunderstood. Elise uses a collaborative approach that helps clients develop practical strategies for organization, time management, and emotional regulation. She focuses on helping clients make value-driven decisions rather than impulsive ones, while also building self-compassion for the very real challenges ADHD creates. Elise recognizes that ADHD often shows up alongside anxiety and depression, and she addresses these interconnected challenges in treatment.

Cassie Ekstom, LCSW-C
ADHD Specialist
Licensed Social worker in Baltimore

Cassie works with individuals and couples struggling with ADHD alongside anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, and relationship challenges. She brings a direct, grounded approach that helps clients cut through the noise and develop concrete strategies for managing ADHD symptoms in real life. Cassie understands that ADHD doesn't exist in a vacuum—it often intersects with substance use (whether self-medicating for focus or impulsively using), relationship conflicts (when symptoms are misunderstood by partners), and anxiety or depression (from years of feeling like you're falling short). She's skilled at helping clients see these connections and address the whole picture rather than just isolated symptoms. Cassie's straightforward style helps clients stop spinning their wheels and start building systems that actually work for their unique brain wiring.

ADHD Across the Lifespan

ADHD doesn’t look the same at every age—and understanding how it evolves can help you recognize symptoms and get appropriate support at any life stage. In childhood, especially for children ages 6 years and older, ADHD often shows up as obvious hyperactivity, difficulty sitting still in class, impulsive behavior, and trouble following multi-step directions—the kind of behaviors that get noticed by teachers and parents pretty quickly. Monitoring and improving a child's behavior through tailored interventions, often involving collaboration among parents, educators, and healthcare providers, is essential for effective ADHD therapy.

As individuals move into adolescence, the hyperactivity might become less obvious, but challenges with organization, time management, academic performance, and emotional regulation often intensify—especially as school demands increase and social dynamics become more complex. Adult ADHD looks different still: you might struggle with chronic disorganization, difficulty completing work projects, frequent job changes, relationship problems, financial difficulties, and persistent feelings of underachievement despite high intelligence (the “why can’t I just get it together” question that haunts so many adults with undiagnosed ADHD). Here’s what’s important to understand: ADHD symptoms don’t just disappear with age—they evolve and adapt to the demands of each life stage, which means that someone who wasn’t diagnosed as a child might not realize their struggles stem from ADHD until adulthood. A comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional who understands ADHD across the lifespan can provide clarity, validation, and open the door to strategies and support that actually address the root challenges rather than just beating yourself up for “not being organized enough.”

Preparing for ADHD Therapy and Treatment

Taking those first steps toward ADHD treatment can feel like finally getting the instruction manual for a brain you've been trying to figure out your whole life—it's both relieving and maybe a little overwhelming. Picture yourself starting by seeking out a qualified mental health professional who really gets ADHD treatment and can guide you through your options, like CBT for ADHD, skills training, and medication—think of them as your navigator through what might otherwise feel like trying to build IKEA furniture without instructions. Educating yourself about ADHD symptoms and available treatment options? That's not just homework—it's empowering yourself to understand that your struggles aren't character flaws but rather neurological differences that respond to specific strategies, giving you the tools to work with your brain rather than constantly fighting it. Building a support network—family members, friends, ADHD support groups, or coaches—creates a safety net that can provide encouragement and accountability when implementing new systems gets tough. Your care team, which might include a therapist, doctor, ADHD coach, and other professionals, will work alongside you to develop a personalized treatment plan that actually makes sense for your life. By staying engaged in therapy, consistently practicing new strategies, and showing yourself compassion when you inevitably have off days, you can manage ADHD symptoms and enhance your overall quality of life—not just surviving, but actually thriving with ADHD.

Summary and Next Steps

Managing ADHD is a journey that requires a comprehensive, individualized approach—one that combines the best of medication, behavior therapy, and healthy lifestyle changes. ADHD medications—including both stimulant medicationsand non stimulant options—can make a real difference in reducing ADHD symptoms and helping you (or your loved one) focus, stay organized, and control impulses. For children younger than 6, behavior therapy—especially when paired with parent training—is the recommended treatment approach, providing families with the skills and support needed to foster positive change. (And here's the thing: it actually works when families stick with it.)

No two people experience ADHD in exactly the same way—which is why it's so important to work with healthcare providers who can tailor a treatment plan to your unique needs. With the right combination of strategies, many individuals see significant improvement in their symptoms and overall quality of life. Ongoing research continues to expand our understanding of ADHD and improve treatment options, while increased awareness helps reduce stigma and encourages early intervention. If you or a loved one are struggling with ADHD symptoms, know that help is available—and that with the right support, you can build a life that feels more manageable, empowered, and fulfilling. (The key? Finding what works for you—not what works for everyone else.)